POST YENİ KAMU İŞLETMECİLİĞİNİN KURAMSAL TEMELLERİ: YENİ BİR KURAM MI YOKSA BİR TÜR ÇÖP KUTUSU MODELİ Mİ?
Author :
Abstract
Yeni Kamu İşletmeciliği (YKİ) yaklaşımı, 1980’li yıllardan başlayarak günümüze kadar, kamu yönetimi alanında en popüler yaklaşım olmuş ve bir etiket haline gelmiştir. Ancak son yıllar bu yaklaşım çok ciddi şekilde eleştirilere maruz kalmakta ve hatta YKİ’nin “öldüğü” ve buna bağlı olarak Post-Yeni Kamu İşletmeciliği (Post-YKİ) adı verilen yeni bir yaklaşımın doğduğu da iddia edilmektedir. YKİ yaklaşımı gibi Post-YKİ de farklı reform eğilimlerini belirlemek ve tanımlamak için kullanılan bir şemsiye terim haline gelmiştir. Ancak bu yaklaşımın reform önerileri ve iddiaları dikkatli şekilde incelendiğinde bunun yeni bir yaklaşım mı yoksa kamusal kararların alınmasında ve reformların yapılmasında kolaylık sağlayan bir model mi olduğu belirsizdir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Post-YKİ’nin tarihsel süreçte gelişimi incelenerek; kendinden önceki ana akım yaklaşımlarla arasındaki farklar araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca karar verme modellerinden biri olan çöp kutusu modeli temel alınarak, Post-YKİ’nin bu tür bir model olup olmadığı da tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak Post-YKİ’nin bir yaklaşım olmak gibi bir amaçtan ziyade YKİ’ye alternatif birçok yaklaşımın kesişim noktasında kalarak, mevcut sorunlara çözüm üretme amacı taşıdığı görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla henüz ilk dönemlerini yaşayan Post-YKİ’nin bir kuram olmaktan ziyada kamu yönetiminde kuram tartışmalarının içerisine alabilecek bir çöp kutusu modeline karşılık gelmektedir. Ancak ilerleyen dönemlerde Post-YKİ ile ilgili yapılacak derinlemesine kuramsal ve ampirik çalışmaların artmasıyla birlikte, Post-YKİ’nin bir kurama dönüşebileceği öne sürülebilir. Ancak bugünkü görünümü itibariyle kamusal kararların alınmasında ve reformların önerilerinin ortaya konulmasına yarayan faydalı bir yaklaşım veya model görünümündedir.
Keywords
Abstract
The New Public Management (NPM) approach has been the most popular approach in the field of public administration since the 1980s and has become a label. However, in recent years, this approach has been criticized severely and it is even claimed that NPM is "died" and a new approach called Post-New Public Management (Post-NPM) has emerged. Like the NPM approach, Post-NPM has become an umbrella term to identify and describe different reform trends. However, when the reform proposals and claims of this approach are examined carefully, it is unclear whether it is a new approach or a model that facilitates public decision making and reforms. Within the scope of this study, by examining the development of Post-NPM in the historical process; the differences between the previous mainstream approaches were investigated. In addition, based on the garbage can model, which is one of the decision making models, it was also discussed whether Post-NPM is such a model. As a result, it is seen that Post-NPM aims to produce solutions to existing problems by staying at the intersection point of many alternative approaches to NPM rather than being an approach. Therefore, Post-NPM, which is still in its early stages, corresponds to a garbage can model that can be included in the discussions of theory in public administration rather than being a theory. However, it can be argued that Post-NPM can turn into a theory with the increase of in-depth theoretical and empirical studies on Post-NPM in the future. However, as of its present view, it appears to be a useful approach or model for making public decisions and putting forward suggestions for reforms.
Keywords
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