Author :
Abstract
Genişleme ve derinleşme adımlarını kullanan AB, Neo-fonksiyonalist bir bütünleşmeyle ekonomik birliktelikten siyasi bütünleşmeye doğru yol almıştır. Bu süreçle olası krizlere yönelik ortak pozisyon alma amacıyla dış politikaya ağırlık vermeye başlamıştır. Uluslararası sistemde her geçen gün ağırlığı artan AB, ekonomik yardımlar ve demokrasi vurgusuyla normatif bir güç olarak etkili bir aktör olmaya çalışmaktadır. Kimi zaman gücün ayrı yapısına vurgu yapan AB konuya bağlı olarak askeri, sivil veya normatif gücünü ön plana çıkarmaktadır. Küresel, bölgesel krizlerde hızlı ve ortak bir tepki geliştirmek isteyen AB, Maastricht Antlaşması’yla ortak dış ve güvenlik politikasını hayata geçirmiştir. AB dış politikasının temelini oluşturan ortak eylem-politika araçları, AB’nin ilk dış politika alanı olan İsrail-Filistin çatışmasında kullanılmıştır. Diplomasiyle birlikte ekonomik unsurları da kullanan AB, baskı kurarak çözümün bir parçası olmaya çalışmaktadır. Ekonomik yaptırım ve diplomatik bir dille sivil karakterine vurgu yapan AB, belirli ilkelere dayalı ortak bir pozisyon geliştirmiştir. AB üye ülkeleri, İsrail-Filistin çatışmasında uluslararası arenada da eylemlerine yansıyan bütünlük, tutarlılık ve dolayısıyla “tek seslilik ”ilkelerini sağlamıştır. ABD’nin taraf olduğu eylemlerde daha hızlı karar alabilen AB, tek başına kaldığında ise güvenirlik ve etkinlik hususlarında sorun yaşamıştır. Bu nedenle AB, uluslararası politikaları etkileyen ve yürütülmesine mali kaynaklarla yardımcı olan, başat aktör olmaktan uzak, sivil bir güç konumundadır.
Keywords
Abstract
The EU has moved from economic union to political integration with a neo-functionalist integration by using the enlargement and deepening steps. The EU started to focus on foreign policy in order to take a joint position against possible crises with this process. The EU, whose weight is increasing day by day in the international system, tries to be an effective actor as a normative power with its emphasis on economic aid and democracy. The EU, sometimes emphasizes the separate structure of power, highlights its military, civilian or normative power in the foreground depending on the issue. The EU, that wants to develop a fast and common response to global and regional crises by implementing the common foreign and security policy with the Maastricht Treaty. The common action-policy tools that form the basis of EU foreign policy, were used in the Israel-Palestine conflict, which was the first foreign policy area of the EU. The EU using economic elements together by diplomacy, is trying to be part of the solution by putting pressure. The EU has developed a common position based on certain principles by emphasizing its civilian character and diplomatic language. In the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the EU member states have ensured the principles of integrity, consistency and hence “univocal” which are also reflected in their actions in the international arena. The EU, which has been able to make faster decisions in actions to which the USA is a party, has problems with reliability and efficiency when it is left alone. For this reason, the EU is in the position of a civilian power, far from being the main actor, influencing international policies and helping their implementation with financial resources.
Keywords
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