International Journal of Disciplines in Economics & Administrative Sciences Studies, Year 2021 Issue 28

CLASS TEACHERS 'OPINIONS ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CRITICAL THINKING SKILL AND READING COMPREHENSION

Meryem USTA, — 2024-08-29

Reading and comprehension have an important place in the development of critical thinking skills, which have an important place in education. Based on this, the main purpose of the study is to determine “what extent and in what way reading comprehension affect students' critical thinking skills”. In the study, the information and findings obtained from the interviews conducted in order to determine the opinions of class teachers working in the city center of Karaman on the relationship between reading comprehension and critical thinking skills were evaluated. Within the scope of the research, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 25 classroom teachers working in public and private schools in the city center of Karaman, using qualitative research methods and semi-structured interview technique. The information and findings obtained as a result of the interviews with the teachers were evaluated by the content analysis method. Considering the main findings of the study, students should be given more voice and their ideas should be cared about in order to increase students' critical thinking skills. In addition, students should be made to feel valued, students should be taught reading habits and listening without prejudice.

A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON THE EVALUATION OF CUSTOMER LOYALTY PROGRAMS IN HOTEL BUSINESSES IN ÇANAKKALE REGION

Nevriye AYAS, — 2024-08-29

Today, hotel businesses attach great importance to build customer loyalty because of intense competition. Customer loyalty programs come forward as very important tools in ensuring customer loyalty. Customer loyalty programs are membership-based marketing activities that are designed to build more collaborative and close relationships with predefined customers. The main purpose of loyalty programs is to encourage loyal behavior by rewarding the customers. In this study, it is aimed to determine the perspectives of hotel managers operating in Çanakkale region towards customer loyalty programs. In this context, data on customer loyalty programs are collected from a total of 8 hotel business managers using the interview technique, which is one of the qualitative research methods. The objective of the study is to determine the opinions of hotel managers about loyal customer profile and strategies of creating loyal customers. Questions of the interview were created using the study of Yazıcı Ayyıldız and Dinler (2020). The data were analyzed by descriptive analysis using the MAXQDA program. When the findings were evaluated, the main themes for loyalty programs were determined as "loyal customer", "loyalty program", "reasons for preference", "accommodation purposes", "superiority over competitors" and "employee training". At the end of the study, suggestions were offered to the managers of hotel businesses and researchers.

MATERIAL FLOW COST ACCOUNTING: APPLICATION EXAMPLES FROM THE LITERATURE

D. Ali KIZILYALÇIN, — 2024-08-29

Material flow cost accounting has emerged as one of the important tools of environmental management accounting and has been increasingly applied in the world since the 1990s. In the study, the subject was discussed theoretically and the general principles of material flow cost accounting method were explained. In addition, application examples in different sectors on this subject were discussed in the study. Google Scholar search engine was used to determine the applied studies. The studies determined for 2012 and after were examined and applied ones were determined. Within these studies, only the researches made with real examples in the enterprises were included in the study. Thus, 50 studies were evaluated. Other studies have been carried out in Turkey is only one of the studies performed in this study are generally far eastern countries. The analysis made includes the material flow cost accounting of the researchers, 12 food and beverage; 7 metals; 4 rubber-plastic; 3 refineries, refinery, ceramics-pottery, electrical-electronics, wood, textiles; It has revealed that they have implemented 2 automotive enterprises and 8 in different enterprises. Looking at the studies; it is seen that there are objectives such as environmental impacts, costs, determination of production batch size, maximization of the production system etc.

ANALYSIS OF HUMAN CAPITAL AND ECONOMIC GROWTH RELATIONSHIP IN THE CASE OF SELECTED CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES

Cavid SÜLEYMANLI, — 2024-08-29

The relationship between human capital and economic growth is a relationship that has been theoretically accepted in the economics literature and tested by empirical studies. In measuring this relationship, whose theoretical basis is explained by the Endogenous Growth Theories, the highest number of education expenditures, number of students, number of academicians, health expenditures, number of schools, number of hospitals, school starting age, learning time, number of patents, number of academic works, fixed investments, Human Development Variables such as Index, Education Index are used. Within the scope of the study, before determining the variables to be used in the model, a wide literature review was conducted and education expenditures, health expenditures per person, total number of students (school + high school + university), number of academicians, fixed investments, Human Development Index, average life expectancy, population, Panel data analysis with employment and Real GDP data was decided. Panel data analysis in the samples of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan was made with annual data covering the 1995-2017 time period. The study conducted under the homogeneous panel assumption is estimated with a standard error-resistant estimator within the framework of the unit-effect fixed effects model. According to the results, education expenditures, per capita health expenditures, population, employment, average life expectancy, number of students and Human Development Index were found to be correlated with Real GDP.

CONCEPTUALİZİNG STATE AND SOCİETY

Sibel ORHAN,; Muhammet GÜMÜŞ , Emine KIZILKAYA — 2024-08-29

Comparative social policy began a detailed study by addressing the first concept of society. The definition of the emergence of this research and the name of the concept in question were discussed. Societies are very difficult to define because; What is written cannot be identified. This issue is still controversial among social scientists and no final conclusion has been reached. It does not coincide with a troublesome social cultural, political and other aspects. These comparative social scientists must deal with the stereotypical complexity that is human. The science of social politics is probably someone's second word for word for society. However, social scientists have done their research, it has been concluded that the state is included in the society and these two terms have been analyzed comparatively. With the emergence of the latest news and society concepts, a critical analysis is needed. The effect of the idea of globalization has become more evident after the concept of society and the relationship between concepts as well as economic, cultural and political relations have not worked in practice. The concept of the state moves towards meeting a more precise object of study. State-centered people face initiatives as to this is the reason for the well-being of populations and how they are changing. The tendency of states to produce generalizations in various models, such as family, community and civil society, enables them to enter into interference with institutions. Adhesion, "documentary source compilation model", which is one of the compilation study models widely used in social sciences, was used. In this context, first of all, studies in the literature on the subject were reached, and the findings of the research were compiled and made into a report. Finally, the research is aimed to fill the gap in the literature.

AN EVALUATION ON THE PROBLEM OF DEFINING AND CLASSIFICATION OF POLICE DEVIANCE BEHAVIORS

Osman KAYABAŞI, — 2024-08-29

Police officers are required to act in police integrity while performing their duties and exercising their powers. It is extremely important for the police not to deviate from their profession, both in terms of their loyalty to their police oaths and in terms of not negating the trust of the public to the police. Despite this, the deviation and corruption of the police from their profession continues to be a global problem. The aim of this study is to seek the answers to these questions; (1) Under which umbrella concept can police deviance behaviors be defined?, (2) Under which headings, how many main groups can police deviance behavior be classified? and (3) What types of police deviance behavior can be classified into?. In this framework, an evaluation was made by giving information about the different opinions put forward in the literature.

ANALYSIS OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ OPINIONS ON CABIN ATTENDANTS’ UNIFORMS

Necla TEKTAŞ,, Nuray ÖZ CEVİZ — 2024-08-29

Advances in transportation and communication technologies interconnected every part of the world, in some sense, eradicated the concept of distance, and this rapid change brought about a dazzling mobility. These changes in turn led to a rapid development in airline companies both in Turkey and around the world. The rise in demand for both domestic and international flights, the sector has made speedy investments and advances for growth and institutional strengthening. But, following the Covid-19 pandemic storming throughout the world, aviation industry as one of the sectors that suffered huge damages, it is estimated that the competition will become fiercer to compensate these damages and therefore the services these companies provide will become much more critical. In this context, the uniforms of the employees in this sector exhibit importance for corporate images. The cabin attendants’ uniforms are an indicator of stylishness and grace, but these also have to be comfortable and practical for long flights, which is also a part of the service quality. This study is focused on assessment of these uniforms, sometimes designed by famous fashion designers, from the perspective of students who use these services. Within the framework of the study, students have assessed the uniforms of Turkish Airlines’ flight attendants, and concluded that even though their quality was superior to other companies, the style was insufficient, and expressed their desire to see more innovative designs. At the end of the study, it was apparent that users were aware and knowledgeable about the uniforms of cabin attendants.

EXAMINING TECHNOLOGICAL READINESS OF EMPLOYEES WORKING AT TECHNOLOGY COMPANIES ACCORDING TO SOME DEMOGRAPHICAL FEATURES: A RESEARCH IN ISTANBUL CITY

Burçak VATANSEVER DURMAZ, — 2024-08-29

In this study, it is aimed to determine technological readiness level of employees working at technology companies, and examine technological readiness according to various demographical features. Quantitative research method was used in the study. In this regard, survey was conducted with 348 individuals working at technology companies in Istanbul. In order to measure technological readiness, the scale developed by Parasuman (2000) with 36 items and 4 dimensions was used. As the result of factor analysis made on the scale, it was seen that optimism and innovativeness factors gathered under one factor; thus, a structure with three factors appeared. As the result of hypothesis tests, it was found that there is no significant difference in terms of marital status; however, there are significant differences at least in one factor according to gender, age group, education level, position and working duration in the company.

PRIVATE MILITARY COMPANIES IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL LAW: THE AFRICA EXAMPLE

Yasin ÖZTÜRK, — 2024-08-29

Mercenary has existed in almost every period of history and has become a part of the war strategies of the modern state and pre-existing structures. In the 20th century, this practice, which was prohibited by international law as it was against humanitarian law, was replaced by private military companies. Private military companies are ostensibly for military training, weapons supply, tactics, intelligence, etc. offers services in their fields. However, as can be seen in various examples, some of these companies also carry out mercenary activities. In the context of armed conflicts law, although they are not among the parties to the siege, private military companies can take part directly in the field in armed conflicts. However, private military companies do not have a separate status in armed conflicts. In this way, both states and private military companies can easily use this gray area of the armed conflict law. Governments and private military companies seem to operate on the basis of international legitimacy. In this respect, it is important to examine this legitimacy ground in particular. Because although private military companies are not seen as a party to conflicts, in some cases they operate as a direct party to armed conflict. In this context, it is important to reveal the position of private military companies in the law of armed conflicts and the relations of the companies with the states. With its unique structure in Africa, it is important in terms of handling both mercenary and private military companies.

ELECTRONIC HEALTH RECORS IN DIGITAL HOSPITALS

Aykut EKİYOR,, Gülhan GÖK — 2024-08-29

Electronic health records are seen as a revolution in healthcare as they provide access to patient data without location and time constraints. Thanks to electronic health records, healthcare professionals from different locations can be included in the patient's care process. In this way, the patient does not need to carry a physical file, all the health services that the patient has received throughout his life can be evaluated as a whole and the patient can receive better quality service. However, it is extremely important to obtain the perceptions, preferences and opinions of the system users in order to provide the desired level of quality service with electronic health records. With this research, it was aimed to determine the perceptions, preferences and opinions of nurses working in level 7 digital hospitals regarding electronic health records according to the Electronic Medical Record Adoption Model. Questionnaire method was used in the research. The questionnaire includes 3 questions to identify demographic variables, 8 to compare electronic health records with paper-based records, and 7 open-ended questions to reveal nurses' perceptions, preferences and opinions about electronic health records. 97 nurses participated in the survey. The open-ended questions in the questionnaire form were analyzed by content analysis, and in other variables, the frequency distributions of the expressions were used. In the research, quantitative and qualitative methods were used together. As a result of the analysis of the data, it was determined that the vast majority of nurses found electronic health records more reliable and provable than paper-based records, electronic health records improved documentation processes, and positively affected patient care. On the other hand, it was determined that there were systemic problems and the paper-based recording system could not be completely abandoned.

A RESEARCH ON THE EXISTING STRUCTURES AND SECTOR PERSPECTIVES OF ORNAMENTAL PLANTS PRODUCERS IN ŞANLIURFA

Mustafa Hakkı AYDOĞDU,, Necla YILDIZOĞULLARI — 2024-08-29

Due to rapid population growth and urbanization, people's longing for nature has increased and they have started to give importance to more ornamental plants, flowers, and plants grown in pots in the places they live. Şanlıurfa has a high potential for ornamental plant cultivation due to its endemic species and seasonal characteristics. Ornamental plants are produced in the geothermal areas in the Karaali region and they are offered for sale at home and abroad. The purpose of this study is to examine the existing structures of ornamental plant producers in Şanlıurfa, identify problems and expectations, and offer suggestions. For this purpose, face-to-face interviews were conducted with 16 ornamental plant producers in Şanlıurfa in 2020 within the scope of full counting. According to the results, the average number of people working with the business owner was 3.94 people, the average land size was 35.72 decares and the average annual net income was 48.4 thousand TL/year. Producers determine their production quantities according to profitability based on market prices. While the most important problem encountered in production is pesticide struggle, maintenance, breeding, and vaccine failure with 84%, the most effective factor in the selection of product types and methods is the experience of the producers with 80%. According to the producers, the most important problem of this sector is the production difficulty with 80%. While the producers market their products mostly in the nursery with 87.5% and 56.25% in wholesale, 18.75% of them label their products and sell them with their brands. All participants are happy to be producers. Producers need an organized structure and effective agricultural extension activities. The existence of these will cause the ornamental plants' sector to become more widespread in Şanlıurfa. This situation will contribute positively to the province, region, and national economy in terms of production, income, rural development, employment, and foreign trade. This study is the first research conducted in this context in Şanlıurfa.