International Journal of Disciplines in Economics & Administrative Sciences Studies, Year 2021 Issue 31

LITERATURE REVIEW OF STUDIES ON THE USE OF SERVICE ROBOTS IN TOURISM AND HOSPITALITY

Bahar GÜRDİN, — 2026-07-16

In order to increase the desired service quality and efficiency, to ensure sustainability, and to ensure customer satisfaction and loyalty in the tourism and hospitality sector, various alternatives are applied by the sector managers. One of the alternatives used in this regard in recent years is service robots. In this context, a literature review of 6 proceedings papers and 72 articles from the studies carried out between 2016-2021 for publications on service robots used in the tourism and accommodation sector was carried out. The study aims to provide information about the service robots used in the sector to the academic information users about the tourism and hospitality sector.

ANALISIS OF GENDER IN TURKEY USING DATA MINING CLASSIFICATION MODEL

Gülsüm Merve GÖKÇİN,, Asila KOÇAK — 2026-07-16

Statistics on women are very important for achieving gender equality, determining the place of women in society and strengthening the contribution of women in socio-economic development and improving their social and economic status by identifying negative indicators. In this study, using the k-means algorithm and CHAID decision tree algorithms, one of the data mining classification (supervisory learning) models, the gender perspective in 81 provinces within the scope of 2019 population, fertility, health, marriage, family life, education, political life, business life. It is aimed to classify them according to the selected social structure and gender indicators and to determine the rules and variables that are effective in this classification. It is important that measures and improvements aimed at achieving gender equality are addressed with regional differences. The results of this study are also aimed to measure, monitor and compare indicators of gender-based inequality at the regional level and contribute to raising awareness on gender equality at the regional level.

Business Managers During The Pandemic Crisis (COVID-19)

Ayla AVCI — 2026-07-16

The 21st century has been the fastest period of technological and economic developments in the world. The easier living conditions of societies the increase in production and economic incomes are provided by the development of technology and inercultural communication. Failure to provide inter-country transportation due to the contagious epidemic called Covid-19 which brought the rapid development to a halt in this period and the decrease in tourism revenues had a significant negative impact on the economies of the countries. At this point, the most affected segment was again business world. Companies and institutions which are the most important factors in the survival of the economies of the world have sought to turn this crisis period into an opportunity. Sudden and temporary crises are actually a means for managers to showcase their strategic skills. Managers can detect the deficiencies or overlooked points of the applications made during this period. Having ready to implement strategies for managers during crisis periods will enable them to overcome these periods more cost effecttively. The most prominent problem in the Covid-19 pandemic process has been the companies ignoring technological investments and not paying attention to commerce. The importance of training and knowledge of managers and employees about technological tools and applications has come to the fore during the epidemic period. This period reminded companies and managers that innovative modern and technological applications replaced traditional methods. For this reason and in mind the problems and solution methods of business managers during crisis periods are evaluated in this study.

THE EFFECT OF THE MUSIC LISTENING TO THE DRIVING OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DARK PERSONALITY

Ceylan Ünal AKBULUT, — 2026-07-16

A person's personality is also a mirror of his perspective on events. The personality, which is sitting in childhood, can change and transform until the developmental stages are completed. However, our fixed personality becomes clear in childhood and mirrors our self in expressing ourselves throughout life. We acquire organizational behaviors necessary for social cohesion. The use of various means by people to travel from one place to another dates back centuries. Mankind has made discoveries to provide transportation on land, in the air and in the sea. Of these, the journey on land has been recorded since the first age. Driving is a situation in which we display our organizational behavior. It is known that there are rules to be observed while driving. However, we give clues about ourselves through the work we do in line with our personality. There are people around us who have the dark personality trait defined as Machiavellianism, Narcissism and Psychopathy. There may be people with this type of personality in both family relationships, workplace and social relationships. Music is a tool that has been recorded since the existence of humanity and affects us emotionally in every moment and every event we need. It is supported by research that music can have a positive as well as a negative effect. There are articles on the impact of the music that drivers listen to while driving. The aim of this research was to determine whether there is any change in the driving of individuals with a certain personality trait while driving. Data were collected by scanning method. However, no study has been found on the effect of the music listened to while driving by individuals with the Dark Personality trait. In the findings, only the information contained in the article named "Examination of the Relationships between Dark Triad Personality Traits and Driver Behaviors" written by Bıçaksız(2019) was included. As a result, considering that individuals with "Dark Personality" are in the environments we live in, it is suggested to investigate whether the music to be played to these people will affect their driving while driving.

THE EFFECTS OF THE ROMA CLUB AS AN ACTIVE THOUGHT INSTITUTION ON INTERNATIONAL POLICY

Müjdat ATAMAN,, Kemal YAMAN — 2026-07-16

The club of Rome was founded to by Italian Industrialist Aurelio Peccei and Scottish Scientist Aleksander King, who said that that governments could not solve the most urgent problem of the world and think long term about environmental issues and also they were inadequate in their potential solutions to the causes of humanity's great problems. It has been an institution where studies are conducted on which behavior patterns peculiar to the world system should be developed in case these variables grow and approach dangerous limits, scientifically handled with econometric models by preparing models of ecological studies on situations such as environmental disasters, rapid population growth and nutritional problems, by measuring the effects of variable situations such as economic capacities, production of nutrients, use of raw materials, environmental pollution on economic growth processes. In this study, comprehensive study has been carried out by scanning Italian and English sources due to the insufficient Turkish resources and also it has been emphasized the importance of how effective and what useful studies have been carried over time on Earth in its study

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN USING TECHNOLOGY, PLACE AND SURVEILLANCE: A QUALITATIVE RESEARCH ON BANK EMPLOYEES

Siyret AYAS ŞARMAN, — 2026-07-16

Today, employers or managers acting on behalf of employers frequently resort to surveillance techniques within their management strategies in order to achieve determined corporate goals. Since it is thought that the use of surveillance techniques will be advantageous in the use of time and other resources, these techniques are also seen as an attempt to reach goals more easily. Therefore, it gains importance day by day and seeks new ways to facilitate the supervision of its employees. The study is based on Bentham's Panopticon, especially in the banking sector, the supervision and the employees' understanding of such a supervision. In the research, firstly, the literature review was shared, and then the methodology was included. After this stage, the findings were shared and evaluated. Finally, the obtained findings were discussed with the support of the literature. After the findings were obtained, the results were classified in two different ways. In the first of this classification, the fact that the participants focused on and that the place became a part of supervision by associating it with surveillance was discussed; In the second one, it is focused on how the workplace supervision practices are interpreted by the employees with the incorporation of technology in surveillance practices. In addition, it has been determined that employees normalize such practices that have become routine in the workplace as a part of the production process. The reasons behind this normalization are; ensuring safety in the workplace, creating a fair working environment and eliminating the feeling of insecurity.

HOW EMPLOYEES SURVIVE IN THE INDUSTRY 5.0 ERA: IN-DEMAND SKILLS OF THE NEAR FUTURE

Seda GÜĞERÇİN,, Utku GÜĞERÇİN — 2026-07-16

By 2025, when the Industry 5.0 era is anticipated to begin, a new business context designed with automation systems in cooperation with humans, robots, and algorithms is expected to emerge. As a result of the transformation in the way of doing things in businesses, the skills required to perform the work activities will change, which will result in skills gaps. In order to prevent the skills gaps to occur, the in-demand skills should be identified. The purpose of this paper is to briefly explain the concept of Industry 5.0 and explain how Industry 5.0 will create a change in in-demand employee skills for the upcoming years. The conceptual framework of the study is grounded on the skill classification discussed in the two reports of The World Economic Forum (2016 and 2020), which are entitled "Future of Jobs Report". Based on this skill classification, it is anticipated that problem-solving skills will continue to be included in the in-demand skills. Moreover, leadership and social impact skills, technology use and development skills, and self-management skills are expected to be at the forefront. The study is hoped to provide guidance and be a reference for researchers. Additionally, it is hoped to be useful for employees, managers, or employee candidates in all fields, but particularly for the ones in HR departments.

POTENTIAL OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES: THE CASE OF FREIBURG (GERMANY)

Filiz SİVASLIOĞLU, — 2026-07-16

In the world in which we live, the energy requirement increases in a certain way, and studies on clean and renewable energy sources become important. Renewable energy sources ensure sustainable energy use, and at the same time, damage to the environment is minimized with these resources. 20% of the energy consumed in the world today is obtained from renewable sources. Although the consumption of fossil resources seems to be excessive in this case, the potential for using renewable resources increases over the years. As a result of the fact that countries meet their needs with their domestic resources by reducing their external dependence in the long term, energy bills are significantly reduced and benefits are provided in many areas, from national income to employment, environmental factors, energy supply security to resource diversity. In order for an energy source to exist, parameters such as the capacity of these resources, their adaptation to the environment, economic factors and their continuity must be taken into account. In the study, the importance of evaluating the energy potential, which is very important for humanity, more effectively and efficiently, meeting the increasing energy needs with alternative energy sources and minimizing the damage to the environment was mentioned. With the example of the city of Freiburg, it was desirable to attract attention to the impact of the production of renewable energy sources on the development of the country.

THE ISRAEL-PALESTINE CONFLICT IN THE EU FOREIGN POLICY PROCESS

Ferat KAYA, — 2026-07-16

The EU has moved from economic union to political integration with a neo-functionalist integration by using the enlargement and deepening steps. The EU started to focus on foreign policy in order to take a joint position against possible crises with this process. The EU, whose weight is increasing day by day in the international system, tries to be an effective actor as a normative power with its emphasis on economic aid and democracy. The EU, sometimes emphasizes the separate structure of power, highlights its military, civilian or normative power in the foreground depending on the issue. The EU, that wants to develop a fast and common response to global and regional crises by implementing the common foreign and security policy with the Maastricht Treaty. The common action-policy tools that form the basis of EU foreign policy, were used in the Israel-Palestine conflict, which was the first foreign policy area of the EU. The EU using economic elements together by diplomacy, is trying to be part of the solution by putting pressure. The EU has developed a common position based on certain principles by emphasizing its civilian character and diplomatic language. In the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the EU member states have ensured the principles of integrity, consistency and hence “univocal” which are also reflected in their actions in the international arena. The EU, which has been able to make faster decisions in actions to which the USA is a party, has problems with reliability and efficiency when it is left alone. For this reason, the EU is in the position of a civilian power, far from being the main actor, influencing international policies and helping their implementation with financial resources.

THE ROLE OF BRAND IMAGE AS A MEDIATOR IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE INTENTION TO PURCHASE ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PRODUCTS AND YESIL MARKETING APPLICATIONS

Hasbiye DİZMAN,, Özlem TAŞTEPE — 2026-07-16

Marketing activities carried out by enterprises with a focus on protecting the environment or nature in order to meet the personal, familial or industrial needs of consumers, description as green marketing. While meeting these requests of customers, the aim is not to harm the environment as much as possible. In this study; The mediating role effect of green marketing practices between the intention to buy environmentally friendly products and brand image has been examined. Spss 18 and AMOS 22 program were used in the analysis of the data. Based on the analyzes made, it was concluded that the green advertising dimension of green marketing applications has a p<0.05 relationship with the mediating variable brand image, and the said dimension has an effect on the mediating variable. In addition, when the mediator variable was included in the model, it was determined that the significant relationship between green marketing dimensions and purchase intention disappeared, as the brand image affected the purchase intention (ß=0.90; p<0.05). Thus, it has been seen that brand image has a mediating effect on the relationship between green marketing dimensions and purchase intention.

MULTICULTURAL EDUCATION IN SWEDEN

Cem KAYABAŞI,, Utku KAYABAŞI — 2026-07-16

As a result of increasing diversity in countries caused by factors such as the abolition of slavery, advancing technology and facilitating access, civil and foreign wars, decreasing livelihoods, and oppressive regimes, the practices of the transition to multiculturalism started to be implemented in many countries and became more widespread in the 1970s. Refusing all forms of discrimination and racism, multicultural education can be defined as the basic education process through which a plurality is propagated and values of ethnicity, language, religion and gender that comprise all students. This is applied in many countries as a result of multiculturalism. The aim of the study is to examine the multicultural education system in Sweden based on literature and evaluate the education, policies and practices of minorities in Sweden, nonminority migrants and other foreigners. As a result, while many rules were introduced in Swedish legislation on multicultural education, the rights granted by written legislation we re not sufficiently reflected in practice.