Author :
Abstract
Doğal Afetler, küresel ısınma, iklim değişkenlikleri gibi çevresel sorunlar ile ekonomik krizler, siyasi değişim ve demografik değişim gibi uzun vadeli sosyal-ekolojik değişimler bir sistemin dayanıklılığını test eden zorlu koşullar olarak değerlendirilir. Bu koşulların kısa ve uzun vadede ortaya çıkardığı problemler birçok ülkede hükümetlerin çevresel kaynakları yönetme biçimlerini yeniden düşünmeye ve revize etmeye zorlamaktadır. Son yıllarda, uyarlanabilir yönetişim kavramı, çevresel sorunlarla ilgili geleneksel “tahmin et ve kontrol altına al” anlayışına yeni bir alternatif olarak bilim camiasında hızla önem kazanmaktadır. Uyarlanabilir yönetişim, bilim adamları ve uygulayıcılar tarafından hızlı çevresel değişimlerin ortaya çıkardığı karmaşıklık ve belirsizlik karşısında çevresel kaynakların yönetimini kontrol etmeye yönelen çevresel yönetişimin yeni bir türüdür. Uyarlanabilir yönetim literatürde farklı perspektiflerden değerlendirilmesine rağmen uyarlanabilir yönetişim yaklaşımı ile ilişkisi ve özelde uyarlanabilir yönetişim ulusal literatürde yeterince incelenmediği görülmüştür. Bu çalışmada öncelikle dayanıklılık yaklaşımı merceğinden uyarlanabilir yönetişim üzerine, kavramı açıklamaya yönelik çabaları sentezleyerek ve uyarlanabilir yönetimden uyarlanabilir yönetişime doğru dönüşümle ilgili süreç incelenmektedir. Bunun yanında literatürdeki boşluğu doldurmaya yönelik uyarlanabilir yönetişim üzerine önemli bir araştırma kronolojisi sunulmaktadır. Ayrıca uyarlanabilir yönetişim yaklaşımın ayırt edici özellikleri ve diğer yönetim yaklaşımlarından farkları ortaya konularak, yaklaşımın kuramsal gelişim çizgisi tespit edilmeye çalışılmaktadır. Böylelikle yaklaşımın hem ulusal literatürü tanıtılması hem de yaklaşımın gelişim sürecinde dayanıklılık yaklaşımının bakış açısı ortaya konulmaktadır. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma kapsamında yapılan değerlendirmelerin konunun literatürüne katkı sağladığı gibi kamu politikası yapıcıları ve uygulayıcıları açısından önemli çıkarımları bulunmaktadır.
Keywords
Abstract
Environmental problems such as natural disasters, global warming, climate variability and long-term social-ecological changes such as economic crises, political change and demographic change are considered as challenging conditions that test the resilience of a system. The problems posed by these conditions in the short and long term are forcing governments in many countries to rethink and revise the way they manage environmental resources. In recent years, the concept of adaptive governance has rapidly gained prominence in the scientific community as a new alternative to the traditional "guess and control" understanding of environmental issues. Adaptive governance is a new type of environmental governance that is directed by scientists and practitioners to control the management of environmental resources in the face of the complexity and uncertainty posed by rapid environmental changes. Although adaptive management has been evaluated from different perspectives in the literature, its relationship with adaptive governance approach and in particular adaptive governance has not been sufficiently examined in the national literature. In this study, firstly, the process of transforming from adaptive management to adaptive governance is examined by synthesizing efforts to explain the concept on adaptive governance through the lens of the resilience approach. In addition, an important research chronology on adaptive governance is presented to fill the gap in the literature. In addition, by revealing the distinctive features of the adaptive governance approach and its differences from other management approaches, the theoretical development line of the approach is tried to be determined. Thus, both the introduction of the national literature of the approach and the perspective of the resilience approach in the development process of the approach are presented. As a result, the evaluations made within the scope of this study contribute to the literature of the subject and have important implications for public policy makers and practitioners.
Keywords
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